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ECONOMIC RESEARCH

TITLE

Losses of Public Health Due to Premature Mortality of the Population: Assessment of the Structure and Economic Consequences

Aleksandra A. Shabunova, Aleksandra V. Korolenko

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RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL J17

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_3_39_59

AUTHORS

Aleksandra A. Shabunova

Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-0921

SPIN-code: 7600-0822

ResearcherID: E-5968-2012

Scopus Author ID: 14833412100

Aleksandra V. Korolenko

Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-0181

SPIN-code: 5079-5628

ResearcherID: I-8201-2016

Scopus Author ID: 57201487911

FOR CITATION

Shabunova A.A., Korolenko A.V. Losses of Public Health Due to Premature Mortality of the Population: Assessment of the Structure and Economic Consequences. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(1):39–59. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_3_39_59 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

The issue of premature mortality among the population and its demographic and economic implications remains a significant concern in Russia. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), premature deaths from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for 39% of all NCD deaths in Russia, higher than in high-income countries (27%), and the ratio of years of life lost in the country is comparable to that of low-income countries and exceeds the global average (49%) and high-income countries (85%). The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of premature mortality on public health in the period before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences, focusing on the most common diseases, gender, and age groups at the national and regional (in Vologda Oblast) level. The study employs methods for calculating years of life lost (YLL) and related indicators, as well as assessing economic losses. The information base for this study was provided by WHO data for 2000–2021 and Federal State Statistics Service data for 2019–2022. It has been found that the main causes of demographic and economic losses in Russia include ill-defined causes of death, non-alcoholic fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver, and HIV infection. These losses occur mainly among the population under the age of 45, with most cases occurring among people aged 30 to 44. The damage caused by premature mortality is significantly higher among men than women, particularly due to unidentified causes, HIV, atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhages, fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. The Vologda Oblast differs from the all-Russian situation by the presence of sudden death and pneumonia among the leading causes of losses, but the absence of HIV among them, as well as a higher level of losses from acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, atherosclerotic heart disease, malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchus and lung. The article outlines the directions for reducing losses due to premature mortality among the population and improving the diagnosis of its causes.

KEYWORDS

public health, premature mortality, demographic losses, YLL, economic losses, foregone economic benefits

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Aleksandra A. Shabunova

Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Director, Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Aleksandra V. Korolenko

Senior Researcher, Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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