ARTICLE OF THE ISSUE
TITLE
The Problem of Personnel Shortage in the Industrial Sector of the Economy: Reasons and Directions for Solution
Ol'ga A. Aleksandrova
 150−162 |
 412.23 KB |
 Full text |
INDEX
RAR (Research Article Report)
https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2024_20_2_1_150_162
EDN BGVYET
AUTHOR
Ol'ga A. Aleksandrova
Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population named after N.M. Rimashevskaya – Branch of the FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
e-mail:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9243-9242
SPIN-код: 4419-6003
РИНЦ Author ID: 257224
ResearcherID: В-1306-2017
Scopus Author ID: 22733740600
FOR CITATION
Aleksandrova O.А. The problem of personnel shortage in the industrial sector of the economy: reasons and directions for
solution. Uroven' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2024;20(2):150-162.
https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2024_20_2_1_150_162 (In Russ.)
ABSTRACT
The events that began in February 2022, and the subsequent new, much more serious Western sanctions, as well as the departure of a number of foreign companies from the country, required a significant intensification of the work of Russian industry. However, it turned out that enterprises in the real sector of the economy are acutely short of engineering, technical and labor personnel. The largest enterprises that have received serious government orders solve the personnel problem by sharply increasing wages. At the same time, up to half of industrial enterprises indicate a continuing shortage of personnel. The article presents a retrospective description of the situation with staffing in Russian industry. It is shown that, starting from the “default” of 1999, with the onset of the next crisis, declarations are made about the importance of developing one’s own industry and a corresponding turn in economic policy is announced, however, in reality, practically nothing changes, as evidenced by the current personnel crisis. Research conducted with the participation of the author over the past twenty years and concerning the labor mobility of university graduates (2005); students' ideas about the demand for engineering work (2007 and 2010); work of vocational education institutions in an industrialized city (2014); personnel supply in priority industries (2016–2017), made
it possible to identify the reasons for the personnel shortage and the conditions for overcoming it. The key reasons are the low level of profitability of industrial enterprises, instability of workload, unclear prospects, and the root cause is an economic policy built on initially incorrect postulates and in the interests of global competitors. Accordingly, the condition for overcoming the personnel shortage is, firstly, the implementation of such monetary, fiscal and foreign trade policies that would allow the high-tech sector to reach the level of profitability necessary to attract and retain qualified labor. And, secondly, the state builds an effective strategic planning system that allows enterprises
to reliably plan their activities for the long term.
KEYWORDS
industry, engineering and technical workers, industrial workers, personnel shortage, vocational education, economic policy,
strategic planning
AUTHOR'S BIOGRAFY
Ol'ga A. Aleksandrova
Doctor of Economics, Deputy Director for Research, Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population named after N.M. Rimashevskaya – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Professor at the Sociology Department, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
REFERENCES
1. Kvartal'nyi prognoz VVP. Iss. 60. Moscow: INP RAS; 2023. 48 p. URL: https://ecfor.ru/publication/kvartalnyj-prognoz-vvpvypusk-60/ (date of access: 2024.01.17) (In Russ.)
2. Toksanbaeva M.S. The dual labour market: Segmented labor market: industrial structure and employment rate. E`konomicheskaya
nauka sovremennoj Rossii=Economics of Contemporary Russia. 2016;(1):76-88. (In Russ.)
3. Gimpel'son V., Kapelyushnikov R., Luk'yanova A. Spros na trud i kvalifikatsiyu v promyshlennosti: mezhdu defitsitom i izbytkom. Moscow: HSE University; 2007. 60 p. (In Russ.)
4. Cohen M., Zaidi M. Global Skill Shortages. L.: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2002.
5. Bobkov V.N., Zinin V.G., Razumov A.A. Income and wage policy. Report within the framework of the ILO project “Overcoming
poverty, promoting employment and local economic development in the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation”. Moscow: ILO; 2004. (In Russ.)
6. Boschma R., Lambooy J. Why do Old Industrial Regions Decline? An Exploration of Potential Adjustment Strategies. European
Regional Science Association conference papers. Dublin; 1999. P. 1–26.
7. Akimova O.A., Volkov S.K., Bobrikova A.A., et al. Research of Youth Migration Preferences in an Old Industrial Region (By the
Example of Volgograd Region). Regional'naya ehkonomika. Yug Rossii=Regional Economy. South of Russia. 2022;10(4):185-200.
https://doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2022.4.17 (In Russ.)
8. Merenkov A.V., Sandler D.G., Shavrin V.V. The features of changes in orientations to employment among bachelor’s graduates.
Obrazovanie i nauka=The Education and Science Journal. 2019;21(10):116-142. https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2019-10-116-
142 (In Russ.)
9. Wolfs P., Hargreaves D., Saha T.K. Reducing the engineering skills shortage in the generation sector. In Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference Proceedings; December 14-17, 2008; Australia, Sydney. Sydney. 2008:1-6. URL: https://
www.researchgate.net/publication/4344479_Reducing_the_engineering_skills_shortage_in_the_generation_sector (access date:
14.03.2024). https://doi.org/10.1109/AUPEC.2007.4548127
10. Avdoshina N.V. Overcoming staff deficiencies at aerospace cluster enterprises: problems to be overcome. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiya=Vestnik SPbSU. Sociology. 2017;10(2):201-213. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu12.
2017.205 (In Russ.)
11. Avdoshina N.V. Training for industry in the context of a mismatch of the education market and labor. E`konomika i sociologiya.
2016;(32):21-25. (In Russ.)
12. Didkovskaya YA.V., Trynov D.V. (eds.), Bannikova L. N., et al. Youth of industrial regions of Russia: the image of the social
future and innovative potential. Ekaterinburg: UrSU; 2018. 215 p. ISBN 978-5-7996-2510-8 (In Russ.)
13. Rimashevskaya N.M., Lokosov V.V. (sci. eds.), Aleksandrova O.A., et al. Taganrog Studies: Half a Century Later. Monograph.
Moscow: Economic Education Publishing House; 2017. 288 p. ISBN 978-5-7425-0185-5 https://doi.org/10.26653/2017/978-5-
7425-0185-5 (In Russ.)
14. Temnitskii A.L. Otnoshenie k trudu molodykh rabochikh promyshlennykh predpriyatii v sovetskii i postsovetskii periody.
Sociologicheskij zhurnal=Sociological Journal. 2003;(4):66-85. (In Russ.)
15. Aleksandrova O.A. Stoit li idti v inzhenery: perspektivy modernizatsii glazami molodezhi. Innovative development of the
Russian economy: institutional environment. The Fourth International Scientific Conference Proceedings; April 20–22, 2011;
Moscow, Russia. Moscow: MSU. 2011:77-82. (In Russ.)
16. Aleksandrova O.A. Ehkonomika obrazovaniya i ehkonomicheskaya politika gosudarstva. Ehkonomika obrazovaniya=Economics
of Education. 2006;(3(34)):4-19. (In Russ.)
17. Brykin A.V., Mishin K.Yu. On the results of monitoring the labor market in the electronic and radio-electronic industry of
Russia. Promyshlennost': ehkonomika, upravlenie, tekhnologii=Industry: economics, management, technology. 2023;2(2(5)):30-40.
(In Russ.)
18. Babkin K.A., Kuznetsov A.V., Korchevoi E.A., et al. Posledstviya prisoedineniya Rossii k Vsemirnoi torgovoi organizatsii. Moscow: VTO-Inform; 2012. 44 p. (In Russ.)
19. Aleksandrova O.A., Voloshina T.N., Nenakhova Yu.S. School and vocational education in a typical Russian city. Narodonaselenie=Population. 2016;(2(72)):108–120. (In Russ.)
20. Aleksandrova O.A. Issues with long-term planning of HR needs in priority industries. E`konomicheskoe vozrozhdenie
Rossii=Economic Revival of Russia. 2019;(1(59)):53-57. (In Russ.)
21. Aleksandrova O.A., Nenakhova Yu.S., Yarasheva A.V. Possibility of the strategic planning of labor potential in the light and
food industry, and agro-industrial complex. Narodonaselenie=Population. 2017;(1(75)):35-45. (In Russ.)
22. Kolennikova O.A. Staffing of textile and light industry: problems and search for solutions. EKO=ECO. 2018;(2(524)):48-61.
(In Russ.)
23. Aleksandrova O.A. Personnel for reindustrialization and reform in education. In: Foresight “Russia”: new production for the
new economy. Vol. 2. The II St. Petersburg International Economic Congress Proceedings (SPEC-2016); March 22–24, 2016, SaintPetersburg, Russia. Moscow: INID; Cultural Revolution; 2016. P. 199-207. (In Russ.)
24. Gorin E.A. Knowledge economy and new personnel for the industry. Ehkonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii=The Economic
Revival of Russia. 2024;(1(79)): 37-48. (In Russ.)
25. Stiglitz D. Globalization: alarming trends. Trans. from English by G.G. Pirogov. Moscow: Mysl'; Nat. social-scientific fund;
2003. 300 p. ISBN 5-244-01031-X (In Russ.)
26. Analiz mer, prinimaemykh organami gosudarstvennoi vlasti po vypolneniyu obyazatel'stv i realizatsii prav Rossiiskoi Federatsii, svyazannykh s prisoedineniem k VTO, po otsenke vliyaniya norm i pravil VTO na byudzhetnuyu sistemu i otrasli ehkonomiki.
Report on the interim results of the expert-analytical event. Byulleten' Schetnoi palaty=Bulletin of Accounts Chamber of Russian
Federation. 2013;(4):113. (In Russ.)
27. Pugachev S. Federal Law “On Technical Regulation”: twenty years later. Standarty` i kachestvo=Standards and Quality.
2022;(12):20-26. (In Russ.)
28. Ismagilov I.F. Consequences of privatization of the Russian energy industry and ensuring national, economic and energy
security of the state. Vestnik Kazanskogo texnologicheskogo universiteta=Bulletin of the Technological University. 2010;(9):661-664.
(In Russ.)
29. Ershov M.V. About ruble exchange rate and mechanisms of its stabilization. Nauchny`e trudy` Vol`nogo e`konomicheskogo
obshhestva Rossii=Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia. 2016;201(4):625-628. (In Russ.)
30. Shirov A.A. Possible scenarios for the development of the Russian economy in the medium term. In: Shirov A.A., Baranov A.O. (ex. eds.) Economic policy of Russia in the intersectoral and spatial dimensions. The Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Ecological and Economic Problems of the SB RAS on intersectoral
and regional analysis and forecasting Conference Proceedings; March 22–24, 2023; Moscow, Russia. Vol. 5. Moscow: Nauka.
2023:6-10. https://doi.org/10.47711/978-5-907673-23-6 (In Russ.)
31. Bobkov V.N., Gulyugina A.A., Odintsova E.V. About the Risks in the Sphere of Living Standards of the Russian Population,
Opportunities and Solutions to Reduce them. Uroven` zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii=Living standards of the population of the
Regions of Russia. 2024;20(1):59-76. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2024_20_1_6_59_75 (In Russ.)
32. Aleksandrova O.A. What kind of planning is such development: systemic problems of strategic planning in modern Russia.
In: Yarasheva A. V.(ed.) Income, expenses and savings of the population of Russia: trends and prospects. The VII International
Scientific and Practical Conference Proceedings; November 30, 2021; Moscow, Russia. Conference (Moscow, November 30, 2021).
Moscow: FCTAS RAS. 2022:8-15. https://doi.org/10.19181/conf.978-5-89697-387-4.2022.1 (In Russ.)
33. Yevstafyeva Yu.V. Challenges of State Strategic Planning System Implementation in the Russian Federation. Gosudarstvennoye
upravleniye. Elektronnyy vestnik. 2019;(75):48-66. (In Russ.)
34. Krupnov Yu.A., Silvestrov S.N., Starovoitov V.G. Strategic planning problems and contradictions. Rossijskij e`konomicheskij
zhurnal=Russian Economic Journal. 2022;(6):15–30. https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2022- 6-15-30 (In Russ.)
35. Zolotov AV, Zolotov SV, Lyadova EV. Is it possible to reduce the general level of consumer prices in the Russian economy?
Uroven' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2024;20(1):17-26. https://doi.
org/10.52180/1999-9836_2024_20_1_2_17_26 (In Russ.)
36. Sorokin D.E. Technological Renovation of the Russian Economy: Needs and Constraints. E`konomika. Nalogi. Pravo=Economics,
Taxes and Law. 2017;(1):20-28. (In Russ.)
The article was submitted 28.04.2024; approved after reviewing 19.05.2024; accepted for publication 09.06.2024.