Uncategorised

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

TITLE

The Role of the State in Healthcare: A Comparative Study of Social Attitudes of Russians and Residents of Other Countries

Olga A. Kislitsyna

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RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL I18; I38; H51; C25

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_4_60_73

AUTHOR

Olga A. Kislitsyna

Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4144-237X

SPIN-code: 7120-4122

ResearcherID: E-3767-2012

Scopus Author ID: 8852460000

FOR CITATION

Kislitsyna O.A. The Role of the State in Healthcare: A Comparative Study of Social Attitudes of Russians and Residents of Other Countries. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(1):60-73. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_4_60_73 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

Against the backdrop of population aging and rising healthcare costs, the question of who should finance healthcare – the government or citizens themselves – is becoming increasingly relevant. Despite extensive research on social policy, healthcare as one of its domains remains relatively underexplored. The aim of the study is to investigate: 1) How do citizens in different countries perceive the government’s role in providing and financing healthcare? 2) Which factors are associated with particular attitudes toward the state’s role in healthcare? A new typology of countries based on the characteristics of health systems is used. An analysis of data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) collected in 2016 reveals overwhelming support for the government’s role in healthcare across all examined countries. Higher levels of support are observed, on the one hand, in Scandinavian countries with universal coverage and public financing, as well as in countries with limited healthcare services and lower system efficiency. Conversely, the lowest levels of support are found in countries where healthcare is predominantly financed through private sources. To identify significant socio-demographic and political-ideological factors influencing attitudes toward the state’s role in healthcare, ordinal logistic regression methods were applied. The analysis demonstrates that self-interest motives have a notable impact on attitudes toward the state’s involvement in healthcare: in many countries, individuals with higher social position are more likely to oppose the expansion of public healthcare spending. Across all examined countries, moral commitment to the public good – adherence to egalitarian values – appears to be a stronger determinant of support for the government’s role in healthcare than individual self-interest.

KEYWORDS

health care, public opinion, public finance, public services, government accountability, comparative research, International Social Survey Programme (ISSP)

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Olga A. Kislitsyna

Doctor of Economics, Chief Researcher, Center for Economic Theory of the Social Sector, Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Uncategorised

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

TITLE

Losses of Public Health Due to Premature Mortality of the Population: Assessment of the Structure and Economic Consequences

Aleksandra A. Shabunova, Aleksandra V. Korolenko

Размер файла000
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RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL J17

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_3_39_59

AUTHORS

Aleksandra A. Shabunova

Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-0921

SPIN-code: 7600-0822

ResearcherID: E-5968-2012

Scopus Author ID: 14833412100

Aleksandra V. Korolenko

Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-0181

SPIN-code: 5079-5628

ResearcherID: I-8201-2016

Scopus Author ID: 57201487911

FOR CITATION

Shabunova A.A., Korolenko A.V. Losses of Public Health Due to Premature Mortality of the Population: Assessment of the Structure and Economic Consequences. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(1):39–59. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_3_39_59 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

The issue of premature mortality among the population and its demographic and economic implications remains a significant concern in Russia. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), premature deaths from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for 39% of all NCD deaths in Russia, higher than in high-income countries (27%), and the ratio of years of life lost in the country is comparable to that of low-income countries and exceeds the global average (49%) and high-income countries (85%). The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of premature mortality on public health in the period before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences, focusing on the most common diseases, gender, and age groups at the national and regional (in Vologda Oblast) level. The study employs methods for calculating years of life lost (YLL) and related indicators, as well as assessing economic losses. The information base for this study was provided by WHO data for 2000–2021 and Federal State Statistics Service data for 2019–2022. It has been found that the main causes of demographic and economic losses in Russia include ill-defined causes of death, non-alcoholic fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver, and HIV infection. These losses occur mainly among the population under the age of 45, with most cases occurring among people aged 30 to 44. The damage caused by premature mortality is significantly higher among men than women, particularly due to unidentified causes, HIV, atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhages, fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. The Vologda Oblast differs from the all-Russian situation by the presence of sudden death and pneumonia among the leading causes of losses, but the absence of HIV among them, as well as a higher level of losses from acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, atherosclerotic heart disease, malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchus and lung. The article outlines the directions for reducing losses due to premature mortality among the population and improving the diagnosis of its causes.

KEYWORDS

public health, premature mortality, demographic losses, YLL, economic losses, foregone economic benefits

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Aleksandra A. Shabunova

Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Director, Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Aleksandra V. Korolenko

Senior Researcher, Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

REFERENCES

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  2. Pyankova A.I., Fattakhov T.A., Denisenko M.B. Years of Life Lost due to Premature Mortality in Russia, 1990-2021. Population and Economics. 2024;8(4):92–122. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.8.e112749

  3. Korolenko A.V. Nosological and Age and Gender Profile of the Vologda Oblast Population Mortality and the Associated Demographic Losses. Statistika i Ehkonomika=Statistics and Economics. 2021;18(3):27–45. https://doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2021-3-27-45 (In Russ.)

  4. Fattakhov T.A., Mironova A.A. Lost Years of Life as a Result of Premature Mortality of the Population of Municipal Districts of the Arkhangelsk Region in 2010-2019. Regional'nye issledovaniya=Regional Research. 2021;(1(71)):96–106. https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2021-1-8 (In Russ.)

  5. Chashchin V.P., Askarov R.A., Askarova Z.F., et al. Assessment of Socio-Economic Losses from Premature Mortality of the Population of the Republic of Bashkortostan (for 2002–2020). Zdravookhranenie Rossiyskoy Federatsii=Healthcare of the Russian Federation. 2023;67(4):344–351. https://doi.org/10.47470/0044-197X-2023-67-4-344-351 (In Russ.)

  6. Mazzuco S., Suhrcke M., Zanotto L. How to Measure Premature Mortality? A Proposal Combining “Relative” and «Absolute» Approaches. Population Health Metrics. 2021;19(1):41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-021-00267-y

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  8. Askarov R.A., Lakman I.A., Zagidullin N.Sh., et al. Socioeconomic Losses Due to Cardiovascular Mortality in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Rossiiskii kardiologicheskii zhurnal=Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2025;30(5):36–42. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2025-6129 (In Russ.)

  9. Khailova Zh.V., Kaprin A.D., Omelyanovsky V.V., et al. Analysis of Years of Life Lost Due to Premature Cancer Mortality in the Russian Federation. Sibirskii onkologicheskii zhurnal=Siberian Journal of Oncology. 2023;22(5):14–27. https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-5-14-27 (In Russ.)

  10. Chan J.K.N., Correll C.U., Wong C.S.M. et al. Life Expectancy and Years of Potential Life Lost in People with Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;65:102294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102294

  11. Varakina Zh.L. Population Losses of the Arkhangelsk Region from External Causes of Mortality: Structure, Trends and Coding Features. Sotsial’nye aspekty zdorov’ya naseleniya=Social Aspects of Population Health. 2017;(4(56)):2. https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2017-56-4-2 (In Russ.)

  12. Zagdyn Z.M., Kobesov N.V., Denyushenkov V.L., Sterlikov S.A. A Public Health Perspective on Global Burden of HIV/Aids in Russia: DALY Due to HIV Infection. Part 2. VICH-infektsiya i immunosupressii=HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders. 2025;17(2):32–43. https://doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-2-32-43 (In Russ.)

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  14. Budaev B.S., Mikheev A.S., Tarmaeva I.Yu., et al. Assessment of Socio-Economic Losses Due to Mortality from Alcohol-Related Reasons. Sibirskoe meditsinskoe obozrenie=Siberian Medical Review. 2020;(1):100–107. https://doi.org/10.20333/2500136-2020-1-100-107 (In Russ.)

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  18. Ivanova A.E., Semyonova V.G., Evdokushkina G.N., Kryukova I.A. Potential Years of Life Lost – Criterion for Socio-economic Assessment of Premature Mortality. Zdorov'e megapolisa=City Healthcare. 2022;3(4):75–83. https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;75-83 (In Russ.)

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  21. Vasin S.A. Mortality from Undetermined Causes of Death in Russia and in a Selected Set of Countries. Demograficheskoe obozrenie=Demographic Review. 2015;2(1):89–124. https://doi.org/10.17323/demreview.v2i1.1790 (In Russ.)

  22. Andreev E.M. Ill-Defined and Unspecified Causes of Death in Russia. Demograficheskoe obozrenie=Demographic Review. 2016;3(2):103–142. https://doi.org/10.17323/demreview.v3i2.1755 (In Russ.)

  23. Wang Z., Wu C., Zhang B., et al. Global, Regional and National Burdens of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Among the Working-Age Population, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2025;44:170. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00920-4

  24. Ivanova A.A., Nesterec A.M., Maksimov V.N. Sudden Cardiac Death: Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathigenesis and Risk Factors. Kompleksnye problemy serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii=Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2024;13(4S):159–167. https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-4S-159-167 (In Russ.)

  25. Samorodskaya I.V., Bubnova M.G., Akulova O.A., et al. Mortality Rates of Acute Types of Coronary Artery Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death in the Russian Regions in 2019-2021. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika=Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2023;22(5):6–16. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3557 (In Russ.)

  26. Pogorelov A.R. Regional Differences in the Spread of Pneumonia in Russia: A Comparative Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Situation in 2017–2021. Zdorov'e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya=Public Health and Life Environment. 2024;32(6):7–16. https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238-2024-32-6-7-16 (In Russ.)

  27. Dolgalev I.V., Ivanova A.Yu., Sarkisova O.L., Bykonya V.M. Smoking, Smoking Cessation, and Cardiovascular and All-cause Death Risk (A 34-Year Cohort Prospective Study). Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika=Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2025;24(7):4424. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2025-4424 (In Russ.)

Uncategorised

SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

TITLE

Transformation of Educational Strategies of School Graduates: Preferences for Secondary Vocational or Higher Education (Comparative Analysis of 2018/2024)

Vladimir S. Polovinko, Igor V. Dinner

Размер файла000
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RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL I21, J24, R23

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_2_26_38

AUTHORS

Vladimir S. Polovinko

Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-045X

SPIN-code: 8454-2897

ResearcherID: A-4317-2017

Scopus Author ID: 56728354400

Igor V. Dinner

Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-4443

SPIN-code: 4692-3211

FOR CITATION

Polovinko V.S., Dinner I.V. Transformation of Educational Strategies of School Graduates: Preferences for Secondary Vocational or Higher Education (Comparative Analysis of 2018/2024). Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(1):26–38. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_2_26_38 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the transformation of educational strategies of upper-secondary leavers regarding the choice between higher education and secondary vocational education in contemporary Russia. The study aims to identify shifts in educational preferences and to assess the influence of socio-demographic and academic factors on the formation and differentiation of educational trajectories. The research hypothesis assumes that in 2018–2024 educational strategies underwent a qualitative transformation, characterized by the increasing institutional role of secondary vocational education, the inversion of territorial effects, and the strengthening of academic achievement as a key selective filter for access to higher education. The methodological framework is based on an interdisciplinary approach integrating human capital theory, economics of education, and youth sociology. Educational choice is interpreted as the outcome of rational cost–benefit considerations, institutional constraints, and socio-territorial conditions shaping individual decision-making. The study applies descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and binary logistic regression, including interaction models and scenario-based probability estimates. The empirical base includes two large-scale surveys of students in grades 9–11 in the Omsk region conducted in 2018 and 2024, with a total sample exceeding 26,000 respondents. The results demonstrate a stable shift toward secondary vocational education, increased selectivity of higher education, and the consolidation of educational inequality already at the stage of completing lower secondary school. The study identified an inversion of territorial effects, a strengthening of the selective role of academic achievement, and a reduced significance of gender differences. It is shown that secondary vocational education is no longer a secondary strategy and is increasingly formed as an institutionally and economically rational choice. The findings indicate growing educational inequality and the consolidation of a selective model of access to higher education already at the stage of completing lower secondary school.

KEYWORDS

educational strategies, school graduates, higher education, secondary vocational education, professional self-determination, educational inequality, territorial differences, human capital, labor market

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Vladimir S. Polovinko

Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Regional Economics and Human Resource Management, Faculty of Economics, Psychology, and Management, Dostoevsky Omsk State University.

Igor V. Dinner

PhD in Economics, Associate Professor of the Department of Regional Economics and Human Resource Management, Faculty of Economics, Psychology, and Management, Dostoevsky Omsk State University.

REFERENCES

  1. Razumova T.O., Teleshova I.G. Transformation of the System of Higher Professional Education: Challenges and Perspectives. Uroven' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2023;19(3):338–349. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2023_19_3_3_338_349 (In Russ.)

  2. Aleksandrova O.A. Problems of Higher School: Inside and Outside the Education System. Uroven' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2023;19(2):157–168. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2023_19_2_1_157_168 (In Russ.)

  3. Rozhkova K.V., Roshchin S.Yu., Solntsev S.A., et al. The Differentiation of Quality in Higher Education and Graduates’ Wages in Russia. Voprosy obrazovaniya=Educational Studies. Moscow. 2023;(1):161–190. https://doi.org/10.17323/1814-9545-2023-1-161-190 (In Russ.)

  4. Sapir E.V., Chistyakova A.A. The Impact of Socio-economic Inequality on Increasing Intergenerational Mobility in Education. Teoreticheskaya ehkonomika=Theoretical Economics. 2023;(5(101)):75–88. (In Russ.)

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  6. Lomteva E.V. Educational Migration of Young People Who Chose Secondary Vocational Education: Main Trends and Factors of Influence. Otechestvennaya i zarubezhnaya pedagogika=Domestic and Foreign Pedagogy. 2024;1(6(102)):156–172. https://doi.org/10.24412/2224-0772-2024-101-156-172 (In Russ.)

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ARTICLE OF THE ISSUE

Consumption Strategies of Households with Children in Russia: an Empirical Analysis

Aleftina A. Gulyugina, Tatyana V. Chashchina

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RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL D12

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_1_12_25

AUTHORS

Aleftina A. Gulyugina

Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-5272

SPIN-code: 8187-0889

ResearcherID: H-2175-2018

Tatyana V. Chashchina
Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3384-3413

SPIN-code: 1770-4231

ResearcherID: GQH-0078-2022

FOR CITATION

Gulyugina A.A., Chashchina T.V. Consumption Strategies of Households with Children in Russia: an Empirical Analysis. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(1):12–25. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_1_1_12_25 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

This article aims to analyze the consumption strategy development practices of households with different types of children, taking into account their purchasing power for consumption expenditures and structural characteristics, as well as consumer behavior under financial constraints. The information base consists of Russian statistics, monitoring studies of income and living standards (Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences), and the results of a survey of Russian households with children as part of a research project by the Russian Science Foundation. Consumer strategy is examined in the context of satisfying vital needs, taking into account the purchasing power of consumption expenditures and the acceptable choice of consumption priorities under these conditions. The article identifies the consumer strategy patterns that emerged in households with different types of children between 2018 and 2024. The models are based on the following characteristics: social position, determined based on the purchasing power of consumption expenditures; the dominant element in the structure of consumption expenditures; and the role of other expenditure components in maintaining consumption stability and austerity. The study's results showed that the purchasing power of consumption expenditures decreases with an increasing number of children. In the social structure, households with children are identified as low-income households based on consumption expenditures, and this position is persistent. It has been shown that the structure of consumption expenditures differs both statically and dynamically depending on the number of children. A common trend is for food expenditures to dominate, while the directions for maintaining consumption stability and for austerity are ambiguous. It was found that in 2024, when faced with a lack of funds, the consumer behavior of families with children was associated with savings on consumption expenditures across all major categories (food, non-food goods, services); when assessing the quality of food, clothing and footwear, and everyday life, one in five families characterized their situation as anything but stable; for half of the families, consumer loans became the norm for covering current expenses.

KEYWORDS

analysis, households with children, dominants, purchasing power, consumer strategy, consumer behavior, disposable resources, consumption expenditure, structure

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The research was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 23-18-00537, https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-18-00537/, at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Aleftina A. Gulyugina

PhD in Economics, Senior Research Worker, Laboratory for Research on the Social and Labor Situation of Households with Children, Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Tatyana V. Chashchina

PhD in Economics, Senior Research Worker, Laboratory for Research on the Social and Labor Situation of Households with Children, Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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