Uncategorised

SECTION:

DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

TITLE

The Right to Death and the Quality of Life of the Elderly: Philosophical and Psychological Aspects of Euthanasia and Suicidal Behavior in the Context of Aging

Vitaly G. Pichugin

Размер файла 2.828 MB Размер файла Full text

RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL I38

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_8_292_301

AUTHOR

Vitaly G. Pichugin

Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-8533

SPIN-code: 1705-3559

ResearcherID: I-4615-2018

FOR CITATION

Pichugin V.G. The Right to Death and the Quality of Life of the Elderly: Philosophical and Psychological Aspects of Euthanasia and Suicidal Behavior in the Context of Aging. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(2):292–301. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_8_292_301 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

This article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the philosophical-psychological and demographic aspects of voluntary death (euthanasia and suicidal behavior) in the context of population aging. The aim of the work is to identify the determinants of attitudes towards the «right to die» among older age groups, its relationship with the quality of life, and its impact on demographic processes. The theoretical framework of the study is based on existential philosophy, gerontological concepts, and the principles of bioethics. The research employs a comparative analysis of legislative approaches, a systematic review of scholarly literature, and a secondary analysis of statistical data (Rosstat, VCIOM, and international registries). The study confirms a qualitative difference in suicidal tendencies in old age, where the key predictor perceived burdensomeness, rather than objective isolation. An analysis of the experience of countries that have legalized euthanasia (the Netherlands, Canada, Switzerland) reveals systemic risks of «structural coercion» and the commercialization of death. The article argues that the Russian legal model of the «presumption of life», based on the constitutional prohibition of euthanasia and the development of palliative care, is an effective alternative to Western approaches. It is concluded that improving the system of long-term care and gerontopsychological support directly contributes to the preservation of human capital, the reduction of mortality, and the strengthening of Russia's demographic resilience.

KEYWORDS

demographics, euthanasia, suicidal behavior, old age, the right to die, aging, quality of life

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Vitaly G. Pichugin

Doctor of Philosophy, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Human Capital Development, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

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Uncategorised

SECTION:

Economics of Longevity and Socio-Economic Consequences of Ageing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: the Concept of Multiple Age Paradigms

TITLE

Economics of Longevity and Socio-Economic Consequences of Ageing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: the Concept of Multiple Age Paradigms

Igor V. Kostikov

Размер файла 2.828 MB Размер файла Full text

REV (Review Article)

JEL J11, J14, H55, O33, I18

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_7_283_291

AUTHOR

Igor V. Kostikov

National Institute of Financial Markets and Governance, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

SPIN-code: 1068-0484

FOR CITATION

Kostikov I.V. Economics of Longevity and Socio-Economic Consequences of Ageing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: the Concept of Multiple Age Paradigms. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(2):283–291. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_7_283_291 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study is to develop a theoretical concept of multiple age paradigms and to assess its impact on labour markets, economic growth and fiscal sustainability in the context of global population ageing and the potential diffusion of biological age reversal technologies. Methodology — a theoretical-conceptual and review study with elements of scenario analysis; literature was selected from Scopus, Web of Science, RSCI databases for the period 2010–2025 on key topics (population ageing, economics of longevity, rejuvenation technologies, AI and labour markets). Results — the study introduces the concept of coexisting ageing trajectories — traditional ageing, compression of morbidity, and biological age reversal — which differ depending on access to medical technologies. It is argued that limited access may intensify socio-economic inequality and lead to «age stratification», whereas universal access, combined with institutional adaptation, could stabilise dependency ratios. Scientific novelty lies in introducing the concept of multiple age paradigms, analysing the interaction between rejuvenation technologies and AI as interrelated factors, and in scenario-based assessment of fiscal and distributional effects, which remains underdeveloped in the existing literature.

KEYWORDS

demographic ageing, biological age, rejuvenation technologies, pension systems, artificial intelligence, multiple age paradigms, fiscal sustainability, inequality

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Igor V. Kostikov

Doctor of Economics, Professor, President, National Institute of Financial Markets and Governance.

REFERENCES

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Uncategorised

SECTION:

SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

TITLE

Youth Values and Their Role in Economic Behavior (Based on the Republic of Bashkortostan)

Gulshat R. Fatkullina

Размер файла 2.828 MB Размер файла Full text

RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL I31, J16, Z13

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_6_269_282

AUTHOR

Gulshat R. Fatkullina

Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6358-0853

SPIN-code: 4445-4200

ResearcherID: PKG-8315-2026

FOR CITATION

Fatkullina G.R. Youth Values and Their Role in Economic Behavior (Based on the Republic of Bashkortostan). Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(2):269–282. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_6_269_282 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

This article presents the findings of sociological surveys conducted between 2021 and 2024 among youth aged 14–35 in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The study aims to identify and analyze how young people’s dominant value orientations shape their economic behavior in the context of contemporary socio-economic change. The methodological framework is a comprehensive approach that includes the analysis of statistical data (Rosstat, Bashkortostanstat), a representative youth survey (total sample N = 12,559 respondents: 5,080 in 2021 and 7,479 in 2024), and the application of multivariate statistical analysis methods. The empirical data cover the period from 2021 to 2024, making it possible to trace the dynamics of change against the backdrop of structural economic transformation. The findings indicate a growing economic polarization among youth, reflected in the simultaneous increase in both prosperous and vulnerable groups. Based on an adapted theoretical model of value orientation formation, a typology is proposed, comprising «adaptive», «socializing», and «individualizing» types. It is established that dominant value orientations determine the choice of economic behavior strategies: an orientation toward stability promotes the selection of guaranteed income sources, while a drive for self-realization correlates with entrepreneurial activity and income diversification. A positive link is identified between patriotic values and responsible consumption practices, alongside significant differences in economic behavior depending on age cohort and gender. The results underscore the need for a differentiated approach in youth policy and the development of targeted socio-economic support measures that account for regional specificities.

KEYWORDS

economic socialization, value orientations, youth, economic behavior, consumer behavior, labor behavior, financial behavior, regional studies, Republic of Bashkortostan

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was conducted as part of the State Assignment of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, project No. 075-00576-26-00 for 2026 and the planning period of 2027 and 2028.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Gulshat R. Fatkullina

Researcher, Institute for Socio-Economic Research of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

REFERENCES

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Uncategorised

SECTION:

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

TITLE

Regional Trends in the Prevalence of Informal Employment in Russia

Alexander L. Safonov, Daria V. Nekipelova

Размер файла 2.828 MB Размер файла Full text

RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL O17

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_5_256_268

AUTHORS

Alexander L. Safonov

Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-5490

SPIN-code: 7192-4121

ResearcherID: PKS-0017-2026

Daria V. Nekipelova

Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8891-009X

SPIN-code: 8952-9510

FOR CITATION

Safonov A.L., Nekipelova D.V. Regional Trends in the Prevalence of Informal Employment in Russia. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(2):256–268. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_5_256_268 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study is to identify regional patterns and trends in the prevalence of informal employment in Russia. The theoretical framework comprises the productive and legalist approaches of the International Labour Organization, the concept of precarisation of labour relations, and the theory of «digital organised informality». The methodological basis includes a balance approach to estimating informal employment (using data from the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, EMISS) as the difference between the total number of employed persons in the economy and the average number of employees in organisations, as well as correlation analysis (Pearson’s coefficient) to identify relationships with the unemployment rate and the rate of legalisation of the self-employed. It has been established that, following the post-pandemic decline in 2020, the recovery dynamics led to an absolute maximum of 30 million informally employed by 2023–2024, indicating the consolidation of the informal sector as a systemic element of the economy. Correlation analysis confirmed its compensatory function: the predominance of a negative relationship with the unemployment rate (76 regions) points to its role as a labour market buffer. A stable positive correlation was identified between the number of informally employed and the number of legalised self-employed individuals (78 regions, with coefficients ranging from 0.96 to 1.00), demonstrating an «illumination» effect rather than the substitution of informality. Profound regional differentiation was recorded, ranging from the dominance of informal employment in the republics of the North Caucasus to minimal values in the Arctic territories. The necessity of transitioning from a «suppression» policy to an «embedding» policy for new forms of employment into the system of social and labour guarantees is substantiated. The findings can be used to adjust regional employment policies.

KEYWORDS

informal employment, precarization of labor, platform employment, self-employment, freelancing, regions of RF, unemployment

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The article was prepared based on research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Alexander L. Safonov

Doctor of Economics, Professor, Chief Research Worker, the Institute of Regional Economics and Interbudgetary Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

Daria V. Nekipelova

PhD in Economics, Senior Research Worker, the Institute of Regional Economics and Interbudgetary Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

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Uncategorised

SECTION:

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

TITLE

Technological Update: Productivity and Labor Dynamics

Oleg S. Sukharev

Размер файла 2.828 MB Размер файла Full text

RAR (Research Article Report)

JEL О33, О47

https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_4_240_255

AUTHOR

Oleg S. Sukharev

Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-7703

SPIN-code: 9463-8370

ResearcherID: C-3767-2018

Scopus Author ID: 56736819100

FOR CITATION

Sukharev O.S. Technological Update: Productivity and Labor Dynamics. Uroven' Zhizni Naseleniya Regionov Rossii=Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2026;22(2):240–255. https://doi.org/10.52180/1999-9836_2026_22_2_4_240_255 (In Russ.)

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the relationship between technological renewal of the Russian economy, aimed at increasing technological sophistication, and labor productivity and labor dynamics across aggregated economic sectors. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics of labor dynamics in the Russian economy, analyzing the dynamics of overall technological sophistication and labor productivity. The methodology utilizes an approach to studying technological dualism and its variants, the «Manoleisku argument», methods for measuring productivity and technological sophistication, and regression analysis. The research is based on data from Rosstat, ILO and the World Bank. The application of this methodology yielded the general conclusion that increased labor productivity may have no impact whatsoever on the growth of technological sophistication and technological renewal of the economy, just as increased technological sophistication may not lead to increased productivity over a given period. Furthermore, a counter-effect of technological dualism was identified. Unlike the «pseudo-effect» observed in Russia before 2022, this counter-effect demonstrates an increase in employment in manufacturing, accompanied by an increase in technological sophistication, labor productivity, and wages. Prior to this period, the pseudo-effect of technological dualism consisted of a stagnant technological sophistication, labor leaving manufacturing, and a slow increase in wages. The emerging effects on labor dynamics between aggregated sectors of the Russian economy confirm the lack of systemic action in the area of technological renewal and productivity improvement policies, necessitating the pursuit of one goal while pursuing the other on a large scale. The goal is to deploy a process of technological renewal that would lead to increased productivity, leading to growth in real incomes and wages. It is noted that wage increases, in the face of a shortage of highly qualified personnel, can occur independently of labor productivity, in order to attract the appropriate personnel as a prerequisite for intensifying the process of technological renewal.

KEYWORDS

labor productivity, technology, wages, labor dynamics by sector, technological dualism, processing, transaction-raw materials sector, means of production, consumer goods

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Oleg S. Sukharev

Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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